Sindrome poliglandular autoinmune tipo II en el Hospital Universitario del Caribe, Cartagena, Colombia.
Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II in Hospital Universitario del Caribe, Cartagena Colombia.
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El Síndrome Poliglandular Autoinmune es una poliendocrinopatía caracterizada por falla de algunas glándulas endocrinas, así como también en órganos no endocrinos, originada por acciones del sistema inmune sobre tejidos endocrinos. Se han descrito dos grandes grupos y al menos dos o tres variantes de ellos. El Síndrome Poliglandular Autoinmune tipo II es la más común de las inmunoendocrinopatias. Se caracteriza por la presencia de la enfermedad de Addison en combinación con enfermedad tiroidea autoinmune y/o diabetes mellitus tipo I. Se realizo una revisión del tema con bases inmunogenéticas y etiopatológicas. Se presenta una serie de casos. La incidencia acumulada es de 1.2/100.000 habitante. El hallazgo más frecuente fue enfermedad de Addison más Tiroiditis autoinmune, (80 %) y la segunda asociación más frecuente fue tiroiditis con anemia perniciosa (60 %). Es importante resaltar la alta frecuencia de déficit de vitamina B12 en pacientes con severo compromiso neuronal. Pueden transcurrir hasta veinte años desde el diagnóstico de una endocrinopatía y la aparición de otra acompañante. Es deber realizar análisis diagnósticos para evaluar funciones hormonales correlacionadas con una endocrinopatia hasta la senescencia.
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