Indicaciones de la drospirenona más allá de la anticoncepción.
Indications of drospirenone beyond contraception.
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Introducción: la drospirenona es una progestina de tercera generación, derivada de la espironolactona; la cual goza de actividad anti-mineralocorticoide y antiandrogénica, además de una alta eficacia anticonceptiva. El objetivo de esta revisión consistió en evaluar la efectividad y seguridad de la drospirenona, más allá de sus efectos anticonceptivos. Métodos: se hizo una revisión sistemática de la literatura en las bases de datos electrónicas (Medline vía PubMed, Central, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (plataforma Wiley), entre otras), a través de términos de búsqueda libres y estandarizados. Los desenlaces evaluados incluyeron tratamiento de la endometriosis, síndrome de ovario poliquístico, sangrado uterino disfuncional, síndrome premenstrual y terapia de reemplazo hormonal, así como los efectos adversos. La búsqueda se limitó a artículos y revisiones bibliográficas publicadas a partir de 1990 hasta el 2020, en inglés y español. Resultados: se incluyeron 48 publicaciones. La drospirenona demostró ser eficaz y segura en el tratamiento de condiciones ginecológicas frecuentes como: la endometriosis, síndrome de ovario poliquístico (SOP), sangrado uterino disfuncional, síndrome premenstrual y en la terapia de reemplazo hormonal. Se observó una baja frecuencia de efectos adversos. Conclusiones: la drospirenona es eficaz y segura para el tratamiento de algunas afecciones ginecológicas de frecuente consulta en la práctica diaria, con ventajas adicionales en su régimen 24/4, además de escasa presencia de efectos adversos. Se requiere mayor evidencia más allá de la anticoncepción, para promover su recomendación e indicaciones en la práctica clínica.
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