Inmunodeficiencias primarias en la infancia : ¿cuándo sospecharlas?.
Primary immunodeficiencies in childhood : when to suspect?.
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Las inmunodeficiencias primarias no son enfermedades raras. En el ejercicio profesional de los médicos generales y especialistas, estas patologías se presentarán con más frecuencia de la esperada. El desconocimiento del tema y el retraso en el diagnóstico son las principales causas de morbi-mortalidad de los pacientes. La susceptibilidad a infecciones es una de las características clínicas que debe hacer sospechar de la existencia de una posible inmunodeficiencia primaria. En la infancia, donde se presentan infecciones respiratorias y gastrointestinales con frecuencia, sin que exista un trastorno inmune subyacente, puede ser particularmente difícil saber cuándo se está ante un patrón de infecciones normal y cuándo ante un síndrome de infección recurrente anormal. Si las infecciones son severas, de duración prolongada, presentan complicaciones graves y tienen una pobre respuesta al tratamiento, se deberían realizar más estudios y descartar una inmunodeficiencia primaria.
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