Cambios en los patrones dietéticos y tendencias de incidencia de cáncer colorrectal en seis países americanos durante 1975-2002.

Changes in dietary habits and trends in colorectal cancer incidence in six american countries during 1975-2002.

Contenido principal del artículo

Luis María Béjar Prado
Beatriz Infantes Martínez

Resumen

Objetivos: este estudio analiza la incidencia de cáncer colorrectal en seis países americanos en las últimas décadas y su relación con cambios en los hábitos dietéticos. Métodos: las tasas de incidencia ajustadas, según sexos, se obtuvieron por país de Internacional Agency for Research on Cáncer, 1975-2002. Los consumos anuales per capita de distintas variables dietéticas se obtuvieron de Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations, 1965-2007. Se calcularon los coeficientes de correlación de Pearson para las tasas de incidencia según sexo y las distintas variables de la dieta con retardo de diez años. Resultados: se observan dos situaciones distintas en relación al cáncer colorrectal. Por un lado, países con tasas de incidencia relativamente pequeñas pero con tendencias lineales de las mismas crecientes en ambos sexos: Brasil, Colombia, Costa Rica y Ecuador. Por otro lado, países con tasas de incidencia relativamente elevadas pero con tendencias lineales de las mismas decrecientes, en Canadá (sólo en mujeres) y, en ambos sexos, en USA. Conclusión: para que la situación de Canadá y USA no se repita en el resto de países, revirtiendo las tendencias de incidencia del cáncer colorrectal, en ambos sexos, sin esperar a alcanzar valores tan elevados, es necesaria la aplicación de medidas de Promoción de la Salud que promuevan hábitos dietéticos saludables en Brasil, Colombia, Costa Rica y Ecuador de forma urgente, considerando el desfase temporal necesario de diez-quince años para que los cambios en la exposición a factores de riesgo y protección modifiquen la incidencia del tumor. Rev.cienc.biomed.2011; 2 (1): 27-36

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Detalles del artículo

Biografía del autor/a (VER)

Luis María Béjar Prado, Universidad de Sevilla

Profesor del Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Sevilla. España.

Beatriz Infantes Martínez , Universidad de Sevilla

Licenciada en Farmacia. Estudiante de Pregrado. Universidad de Sevilla. España.

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