Cambios en los patrones dietéticos y tendencias de incidencia de cáncer colorrectal en seis países americanos durante 1975-2002.

Changes in dietary habits and trends in colorectal cancer incidence in six american countries during 1975-2002.

Contenido principal del artículo

Luis María Béjar Prado
Beatriz Infantes Martínez

Resumen

Objetivos: este estudio analiza la incidencia de cáncer colorrectal en seis países americanos en las últimas décadas y su relación con cambios en los hábitos dietéticos. Métodos: las tasas de incidencia ajustadas, según sexos, se obtuvieron por país de Internacional Agency for Research on Cáncer, 1975-2002. Los consumos anuales per capita de distintas variables dietéticas se obtuvieron de Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations, 1965-2007. Se calcularon los coeficientes de correlación de Pearson para las tasas de incidencia según sexo y las distintas variables de la dieta con retardo de diez años. Resultados: se observan dos situaciones distintas en relación al cáncer colorrectal. Por un lado, países con tasas de incidencia relativamente pequeñas pero con tendencias lineales de las mismas crecientes en ambos sexos: Brasil, Colombia, Costa Rica y Ecuador. Por otro lado, países con tasas de incidencia relativamente elevadas pero con tendencias lineales de las mismas decrecientes, en Canadá (sólo en mujeres) y, en ambos sexos, en USA. Conclusión: para que la situación de Canadá y USA no se repita en el resto de países, revirtiendo las tendencias de incidencia del cáncer colorrectal, en ambos sexos, sin esperar a alcanzar valores tan elevados, es necesaria la aplicación de medidas de Promoción de la Salud que promuevan hábitos dietéticos saludables en Brasil, Colombia, Costa Rica y Ecuador de forma urgente, considerando el desfase temporal necesario de diez-quince años para que los cambios en la exposición a factores de riesgo y protección modifiquen la incidencia del tumor. Rev.cienc.biomed.2011; 2 (1): 27-36

Palabras clave:

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Detalles del artículo

Biografía del autor/a (VER)

Luis María Béjar Prado, Universidad de Sevilla

Profesor del Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Sevilla. España.

Beatriz Infantes Martínez , Universidad de Sevilla

Licenciada en Farmacia. Estudiante de Pregrado. Universidad de Sevilla. España.

Referencias (VER)

Internacional Agency for Research on Cancer. IARC Databases [Online] 2010 Oct 25. Available from URL http://www-dep.iarc.fr/

Parkin DM. International variation. Oncogene 2004;23: 6329–6340.

Parkin DM, Olsen AH, Sasieni P. The potential for prevention of colorectal cancer in the UK. Eur J Cancer Prev 2009;18: 179-190.

Platz EA, Willett WC, Colditz GA, et al. Proportion of colon cancer risk that might be preventable in a cohort of middle-aged US men. Cancer Causes Control 2000;11: 579-588.

Moore HG. Colorectal cancer: what should patients and families be told to lower the risk of colorectal cancer? Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2010;19:693-710.

De Vries E, Soerjomataram I, Lemmens VE, et al. Lifestyle changes and reduction of colon cancer incidence in Europe: A scenario study of physical activity promotion and weight reduction. Eur J Cancer. 2010;46: 2605-2616.

Gonzalez CA, Riboli E. Diet and cancer prevention: Contributions from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Eur J Cancer 2010;46: 2555-2562.

Cho E, Smith-Warner SA, Ritz J, et al. Alcohol intake and colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis of 8 cohort studies. Ann Intern Med 2004;140: 603-613.

Ferrari P, Jenab M, Norat T, et al. Lifetime and baseline alcohol intake and risk of colon and rectal cancers in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Int J Cancer 2007;121: 2065-2072.

Chao A, Thun MJ, Connell CJ. Meat consumption and risk of colorectal cancer. JAMA 2005;293:172-182.

English DR, MacInnis RJ, Hodge AM, et al. Red meat, chicken, and fish consumption and risk of colorectal cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004;3: 1509-1514.

Norat T, Bingham S, Ferrari P, et al. Meat, fish, and colorectal cancer risk: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. J Natl Cancer Inst 2005;97:906-916.

Terry P, Giovannucci E, Michels KB, et al. Fruit, vegetables, dietary fiber, and risk of colorectal cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2001;93:525-533.

Riboli E, Norat T. Epidemiologic evidence of the protective effect of fruit and vegetables on cancer risk. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;78(Suppl.):559-569.

Aune D, Deneo-Pellegrini H, Ronco AL, et al. Dietary folate intake and the risk of 11 types of cancer: a case-control study in Uruguay. Ann Oncol 2010; doi:10.1093/annonc/mdq356.

Botteri E, Iodice S, Bagnardi V, et al. Smoking and colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. JAMA 2008;300:2765-2778.

Botteri E, Iodice S, Raimondi S, et al. Cigarette smoking and adenomatous polyps: a meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 2008;134:388-395.

World Cancer Research Fund / American Institute for Cancer Research. Policy and action for cancer prevention. Food, nutrition, and physical activity: a global perspective. Washington DC: AICR; 2009.

Larsson SC, Wolk A. Obesity and colon and rectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2007;86:556-565.

Larsson SC, Orsini N, Wolf A. Diabetes mellitus and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst 2005;97:1679-1687.

Thompson CL, Larkin EK, Patel S, et al. Short duration of sleep increases risk of colorectal adenoma. Cancer 2010; doi:10.1002/cncr.25507.

Grodstein F, Newcomb PA, Stampfer MJ. Postmenopausal hormone therapy and the risk of colorectal cancer: a review and meta-analysis. Am J Med 1999;106:574-582.

Fernandez E, La Vecchia C, Balducci A, et al. Oral contraceptives and colorrectal cancer risk: a metaanalysis. Br J Cancer 2001;84:722-727.

Cho E, Smith-Warner SA, Spiegelman D, et al. Dairy foods, calcium, and colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies (erratum published in J Natl Cancer Inst 2004;96:1724). J Natl Cancer Inst 2004;96:1015-1022.

Nock NL, Patrick-Melin A, Cook M, et al. Higher bone mineral density is associated with a decreased risk of colorectal adenomas. Int J Cancer 2010; doi:10.1002/ijc.25722.

Colditz GA, Samplin-Salgado M, Ryan CT, et al. Harvard Report on Cancer Prevention, Volume 5. Fulfilling the potential for cancer revention: policy approaches. Cancer Causes Control 2002;13:199-212.

Wolin KY, Yan Y, Colditz GA, et al. Physical activity and colon cancer prevention: a metaanalysis. Br J Cancer 2009;100:611-616.

Park Y, Hunter DJ, Spiegelman D, et al. Dietary fiber intake and risk of colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies. JAMA 2005;294:2849-2857.

Baron JA. Dietary fiber and colorectal cancer: an ongoing saga. JAMA 2005;294: 2904-2906.

Howe GR, Aronson KJ, Benito E, et al. The relationship between dietary fat intake and risk of colorectal cancer -evidence from the combined analysis of 13 case-control studies. Cancer Causes Control 1997;8:215-228.

Kono S. Secular trend of colon cancer incidence and mortality in relation to fat and meat intake in Japan. Eur J Cancer Prev 2004;13:127-132.

Bejar L, Gili M, Diaz V, et al. Incidence and mortality by colorectal cancer in Spain during 1951–2006 and its relationship with behavioural factors. Eur J Cancer Prev 2009;18:436-444.

Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations. FAOSTAT. Crops primary equivalent and livestock and fish primary equivalent consumption statistics, 1961-2007. [Online] 2010 Oct 25. Available from URL http://faostat.fao.org/

Gondos A, Bray F, Hakulinen T, et al. Trends in cancer survival in 11 European populations from 1990 to 2009: a model-based analysis. Ann Oncol 2009;20:564-573.

Micheli A, Ciampichini R, Oberaigner W, et al. The advantage of women in cancer survival: an análisis of EUROCARE-4 data. Eur J Cancer 2009;45:1017-1027.

Saltz LB. Adjuvant therapy for colon cancer. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2010;19:819-827.

Kusters M, Valentini V, Calvo FA, et al. Results of European pooled analysis of IORT-containing multimodality treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer: adjuvant chemotherapy prevents local recurrence rather than distant metastases. Ann Oncol 2010;21:1279-1284.

Van Cutsem E, Oliveira J; ESMO Guidelines Working Group. Advanced colorectal cance. ESMO clinical recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2009;20(Suppl. 4):61-63.

National Screening Unit [Online] 2010 Oct 25; Available from URL http://www.nsu.govt.nz/other-screening-areas/818.asp