Caracterización de los pacientes con tratamiento endovascular de aneurismas disecantes de circulación cerebral posterior en Cartagena de indias

Caracterización de los pacientes con tratamiento endovascular de aneurismas disecantes de circulación cerebral posterior en Cartagena de indias

Contenido principal del artículo

Leidy Rueda Tamayo
Rafael Almeida Pérez
Ginna De la Rosa Manjarrez
Fernando Orozco Gómez
Rubén Carrasquilla Meléndez

Resumen

Introducción: los aneurismas intracraneales son una dilatación local y permanente de una arteria.
Objetivo: describir las características clínicas, imagenológicas y la efectividad del tratamiento endovascular en términos de independencia y mortalidad en pacientes con aneurismas disecantes de circulación cerebral posterior en Cartagena.
Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo en pacientes de 18 años o mayores, con diagnósticos de aneurismas disecantes y de circulación cerebral posterior que recibieron tratamiento endovascular (TEV) en el período comprendido entre enero de 2007 y diciembre de 2014 en el centro Neurodinamia. Se midieron las variables relacionadas con antecedentes patológicos personales, diagnóstico y características del aneurisma, dispositivos utilizados para el tratamiento, tiempos de seguimiento clínico e imagenológico y complicaciones. Se realizó análisis estadístico descriptivo según la naturaleza de las variables.
Resultados: se analizaron 19 pacientes con tratamientos endovasculares. La mediana de edad fue de 55 años. La hemorragia subaracnoidea fue la presentación clínica más frecuente, el 89.5% de ellos fueron diagnosticados con TAC. La localización en la PICA y arteria vertebral fueron de 36.8% y 31.6%, respectivamente. El tipo de dispositivos usados fueron los coils en 36.8%, seguido de coils y stent con 31.6% y onyx en 21.0%. Al finalizar la TEV se clasificó como resultado favorable en 18 pacientes (94.7%), se presentó una muerte intrahospitalaria (5.3%). La escala Rankin al seguimiento mostró mejoría en el 84.2% (16 pacientes).

Conclusiones: el TEV de los aneurismas disecantes de circulación cerebral posterior por oclusión del aneurisma muestra una alta frecuencia de éxito técnico 94.7%, con un 84.2% de los pacientes con resultado favorable a los 30 días después del tratamiento. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2015;6(2):298-308

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