Receptores cannabinoides y vías de modulación del dolor.
Cannabinoid receptors and pain modulation pathways.
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Introducción: los endocannabinoides son mensajeros que contienen ácido araquidónico y que se almacenan en vesículas. Los más importantes son N-araquidoniletanolamina (anandamida) y 2-araquidonilglicerol (2-AG). Objetivo: reconocer la importancia de los receptores cannabinoides y su papel en las vías de modulación del dolor. Metodología: se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed, MEDLINE, Scielo, OvidSP, EBSCOhost y en las plataformas de las Revistas Lancet y New England Journal of Medicine, Anesthesiology, entre otras. Las búsquedas se limitaron a los idiomas inglés y español, así como documentos publicados entre 1990 y 2015. Resultados: se obtuvieron 100 artículos, de los cuales se utilizaron 45 (45%) documentos a conveniencia incluyendo artículos de revisión y artículos originales. Conclusión: existe evidencia acerca de la presencia de receptores cannabinoides en los sitios de modulación del dolor, principalmente en la sustancia gris periacueductal (SGPA), creando dianas potenciales en el manejo del dolor crónico.
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