Modulinas solubles en fenol: ¿actores principales en la patogénesis del staphylococcus aureus?
Modulinas solubles en fenol: ¿actores principales en la patogénesis del staphylococcus aureus?
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Introducción: las infecciones por S. aureus amenazan con convertirse en un problema de salud pública. La capacidad de la bacteria como agente colonizador e infectante en humanos, se debe a la amplia gama de factores que posee, tanto de colonización como de virulencia. Entre ellos, las Modulinas Solubles en Fenol (PSMs) han cobrado interés,
al identificarse que tienen actividad lítica contra leucocitos y eritrocitos, propiedades proinflamatorias y ser capaces de causar interferencia antimicrobiana contra especies comensales y participes en la formación de biopelículas.
Objetivo: describir los adelantos en torno a la importancia de las PSMs en la patogénesis de las infecciones por S. aureus.
Metodología: se llevó a cabo búsqueda bibliográfica en PubMed, incluyendo artículos de estudios experimentales, de epidemiología molecular y artículos de revisión relacionados con las PSMs de S. aureus, empleando las palabras clave: bacterial toxins, phenol-soluble modulin, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus
aureus, Colombia, Cartagena.
Resultados: un total de 53 artículos fueron incluidos en la presente revisión. Las PSMs fueron descritas en S. aureus por primera vez en 2007, desde entonces, se ha realizado la clasificación de los mismos en la bacteria y se ha identificado la participación de estas moléculas en distintos procesos biológicos de la bacteria como el quorum sensing, y su potencial proinflamatorio. Dentro de los aspectos más significativos de estas moléculas, se encuentra su posible utilidad clínica dada la interferencia inter especie que ha sido observada.
Conclusión: existe información creciente que soporta el papel de las PSMs en la patogénesis del S. aureus. No obstante, el poder patogénico de la bacteria se puede deber a la sumatoria de varios factores, dependientes tanto del microorganismo como del hospedero humano. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2014;5(1):107-115
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