Aspectos clínicos y patogénicos de la infección profunda por trichosporon asahii
Aspectos clínicos y patogénicos de la infección profunda por trichosporon asahii
Barra lateral del artículo
PDF
FLIP
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Introducción: Trichosporon beigelii, por mucho tiempo fue considerado la única especie del género y se le reconocía particularmente por ser el agente causal de una micosis del pelo denominada “piedra blanca”. La taxonomía del género ha cambiado y se han descrito alrededor de trece especies implicadas en enfermedades humanas.
T. inkin, T. cutaneum, T. mucoides, T. asteroides, T. ovoides y T. asahii, son las seis especies que más frecuentemente se han asociado a infección localizada o diseminada.
Objetivo: revisar la información disponible sobre Trichosporon spp. e identificar el impacto que tiene T. asahii como agente patógeno.
Metodología: se realizó búsqueda bibliográfica en Pubmed, reuniendo la información obtenida en el programa para manejo bibliográfico Endnote X1. Se tuvieron en cuenta artículos completos y resúmenes de investigaciones originales y revisiones.
Resultados: el principal agente causal de trichosporonosis profunda es el T. asahii. Esta levadura se ha asociado a infecciones cutáneas y sistémicas. La infección se presenta en estados con compromiso inmunológico: cáncer, enfermedad crónica o alteraciones en las barreras cutáneas y mucosas. En general se considera que las vías de entrada
pueden ser catéteres, tubos de drenaje, discontinuidad de la piel en pacientes quemados o también por traslado desde la mucosa intestinal. Se han descrito seis genotipos de T.asahii, que son de distribución mundial, con predominio del genotipo-1. El proceso de patogénesis de la trichosporonosis está determinado por la condición inmunológica del
paciente y los factores de virulencia del agente. Se han señalado como posibles factores de virulencia la presencia de glucoroxilomano. El diagnóstico se realiza con pruebas metabólicas y moleculares. El tratamiento de la trichosporonosis profunda es poco eficaz si la inmunodeficiencia no se supera. Es creciente la resistencia a Anfotericina-B y otros antifúngicos. Se obtienen mejores resultados con voriconazol.
Conclusión: la trichosporonosis profunda por T. asahii es una entidad micótica emergente que afecta especialmente a pacientes neutropénicos. El diagnóstico es un reto y es elevada la tasa de mortalidad. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2013;4(2):327-334
Palabras clave:
Descargas
Detalles del artículo
Referencias (VER)
Tapia PC. [Trichosporon genus]. Rev Chilena Infectol. 2009;26(3):263-264.
Zhang E, Sugita T, Tsuboi R, Yamazaki T, Makimura K. The opportunistic yeast pathogen Trichosporon asahii colonizes the skin of healthy individuals: analysis of 380 healthy individuals by age and gender using a nested polymerase chain reaction assay. Microbiol Immunol.
;55(7):483-488.
Makela P, Leaman D, Sobel JD. Vulvovaginal trichosporonosis. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2003;11(2):131-133.
Vasquez J. Trichosporon infection. Curr Fungal Infect Rep 2010;4:52-58.
Viswanath V, Kriplani D, Miskeen AK, Patel B, Torsekar RG. White piedra of scalp hair by Trichosporon inkin. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2011;77(5):591-593.
Gueho E, Improvisi L, de Hoog GS, Dupont B. Trichosporon on humans: a practical account. Mycoses. 1994;37(1-2):3-10.
Chagas-Neto TC, Chaves GM, Colombo AL. Update on the genus Trichosporon. Mycopathologia.
;166(3):121-32.
Walzman M, Leeming JG. White piedra and Trichosporon beigelii: the incidence in patients attending a clinic in genitourinary medicine. Genitourin Med. 1989;65(5):331-334.
Guo LN, Xiao M, Kong F, Chen SC, Wang H, Sorrell TC, et al. Three-locus identification, genotyping, and antifungal susceptibilities of medically important Trichosporon species from China. J Clin Microbiol. 2011;49(11):3805-3811.
Janagond A, Krishnan KM, Kindo AJ, Sumathi G. Trichosporon inkin, an unusual agent of fungal sinusitis: A report from south India. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2012;30(2):229-232.
Macedo DP, de Oliveira NT, da Silva VK, de Almeida Farias AM, de Lima Neto RG, Wilheim AB, et al. Trichosporon inkin Esophagitis: An Uncommon Disease in a Patient with Pulmonary Cancer. Mycopathologia. 2010;171(4):279-283.
Lopes JO, Alves SH, Klock C, Oliveira LT, Dal Forno NR. Trichosporon inkin peritonitis during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis with bibliography review. Mycopathologia. 1997;139(1):15-18.
Piwoz JA, Stadtmauer GJ, Bottone EJ, Weitzman I, Shlasko E, Cummingham-Rundles C. Trichosporon inkin lung abscesses presenting as a penetrating chest wall mass. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2000;19(10):1025-1027.
Ramos JM, Cuenca-Estrella M, Gutierrez F, Elia M, Rodriguez-Tudela JL. Clinical case of endocarditis due to Trichosporon inkin and antifungal susceptibility profile of the organism. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42(5):2341-2344.
Wynne SM, Kwon-Chung KJ, Shea YR, Filie AC, Varma A, Lupo P, et al. Invasive infection with Trichosporon inkin in 2 siblings with chronic granulomatous disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004;114(6):1418-1424.
Song HJ, Chung SL, Lee KS. Trichosporon inkin subcutaneous infection in a rheumatoid arthritis patient. Int J Dermatol. 2007;46(3):282-283.
David C, Martin DB, Deng A, Cooper JZ. Disseminated Trichosporon inkin and Histoplasma capsulatum in a patient with newly diagnosed AIDS. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008;59(2 Suppl 1):S13-15.
Shivaprakash MR, Singh G, Gupta P, Dhaliwal M, Kanwar AJ, Chakrabarti A. Extensive white piedra of the scalp caused by Trichosporon inkin: A case report and review of literature. Mycopathologia. 2011;172(6):481-486.
Nagai H, Yamakani Y, Hashimoto A, Tokimatsu I, Nasu M. PCR Detection of DNA Specific for Trichosporon Species in Serum of Patients with Disseminated Trichosporonosis J Clin Microbiol. 1999; 37(3):694–699.
Richini-Pereira VB, Camargo RM, Bagagli E, Marques SA. White piedra: molecular identification of Trichosporon inkin in members of the same family. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2012;45(3):402-404.
Sugita T, Nishikawa A, Ikeda R, Shinoda T, Sakashita H, Sakai Y, et al. First report of Trichosporon ovoides isolated from the home of a summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis patient. Microbiol Immunol. 1998;42(7):475-478.
Tambe SA, Dhurat SR, Kumar CA, Thakare P, Lade N, Jerajani H, et al. Two cases of scalp white piedra caused by Trichosporon ovoides. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2009;75(3):293-295.
Chang SE, Kim KJ, Lee WS, Choi JH, Sung KJ, Moon KC, et al. A case of Trichosporon cutaneum folliculitis and septicaemia. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2003;28(1):37-38.
Kataoka-Nishimura S, Akiyama H, Saku K, Kashiwa M, Mori S, Tanikawa S, et al. Invasive infection due to Trichosporon cutaneum in patients with hematologic malignancies. Cancer.
;82(3):484-487.
Morimoto S, Shimazaki C, Goto H, Hirata Y, Tasumi T, Yamagata N, et al. Trichosporon cutaneum fungemia in patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia and measurement of serum D-arabinitol, Candida antigen (CAND-TEC), and beta-D-glucan. Ann Hematol. 1994;68(3):159-161.
Malini A, Oudeacoumar P, Udayashankar C. Onychomycosis due to Trichosporon mucoides.
Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2011;77(1):76-77.
Nakajima M, Manabe T, Niki Y, Matsushima T. [Summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis in a patient with a positive skin test (15 minutes) for Trichosporon mucoides and a high serum IgE level]. Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi. 1996;34(10):1168-1173.
Lacasse A, Cleveland KO. Trichosporon mucoides fungemia in a liver transplant recipient: case report and review. Transpl Infect Dis. 2009;11(2):155-159.
Kustimur S, Kalkanci A, Caglar K, Dizbay M, Aktas F, Sugita T. Nosocomial fungemia due to Trichosporon asteroides: firstly described bloodstream infection. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2002;43(2):167-170.
Sabharwal ER. Successful management of Trichosporon asahii urinary tract infection with fluconazole in a diabetic patient. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2010;53(2):387-388.
Silva V, Zepeda G, Alvareda D. [Nosocomial urinary infection due to Trichosporon asahii. First two cases in Chile]. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2003;20(1):21-23.
Sood S, Pathak D, Sharma R, Rishi S. Urinary tract infection by Trichosporon asahii. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2006;24(4):294-296.
Karabay O, Madariaga MG, Kocoglu E, Ince N, Kandirali E. Trichosporon asahii fungemia in a patient with non-hematological malignancy. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2006;59(2):129-131.
Shang ST, Yang YS, Peng MY. Nosocomial Trichosporon asahii fungemia in a patient with secondary
hemochromatosis: a rare case report. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2010;43(1):77-80.
Izumi K, Hisata Y, Hazama S. A rare case of infective endocarditis complicated by Trichosporon asahii fungemia treated by surgery. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2009;15(5):350-353.
Lo Passo C, Pernice I, Celeste A, Perdichizzi G, Todaro-Luck F. Transmission of Trichosporon asahii oesophagitis by a contaminated endoscope. Mycoses. 2001;44(1-2):13-21.
Heslop OD, Nyi Nyi MP, Abbott SP, Rainford LE, Castle DM, Coard KC. Disseminated trichosporonosis in a burn patient: meningitis and cerebral abscess due to Trichosporon asahii.
J Clin Microbiol. 2011;49(12):4405-4408.
Abliz P, Fukushima K, Takizawa K, Yang R, Li R, Nishimura K. Identification of the first isolates of Trichosporon asahii var asahii from disseminated trichosporonosis in China. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2002;44(1):17-22.
Meyer MH, Letscher-Bru V, Waller J, Lutz P, Marcellin L, Herbrecht R. Chronic disseminated Trichosporon asahii infection in a leukemic child. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35(2):e22-25.
Tokimatsu I, Karashima R, Yamagata E, Yamakami Y, Nagai H, Kadota J, et al. [Pathogenesis of Trichosporon asahii and strategies for infectious control of disseminated trichosporonosis]. Nihon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi. 2003;44(3):181-186.
Pereira DN, Nader SS, Nader P, Martins PG, Furlan SP, Hentges CR. Disseminated Trichosporon spp infection in preterm newborns: a case report. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2009;85(5):459-461.
Servonnet A, Bourgault M, Trueba F, Sarret D, Nicand E. [Disseminated Trichosporon asahii infection]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2010;68(3):363-366.
Chakrabarti A, Marhawa RK, Mondal R, Trehan A, Gupta S, Rao Raman DS, et al. Generalized lymphadenopathy caused by Trichosporon asahii in a patient with Job’s syndrome. Med Mycol.
;40(1):83-86.
Panagopoulou P, Evdoridou J, Bibashi E, Filioti J, Sofianou D, Kremenopoulos G, et al. Trichosporon asahii: an unusual cause of invasive infection in neonates. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2002;21(2):169-170.
Hirakata Y, Katoh T, Ishii Y, Kitamura S, Sugiyama Y. Trichosporon asahii-induced asthma in a family with Japanese summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2002;88(3):335-338.
Chan-Tack KM. Fatal Trichosporon asahii septicemia in a Guatemalan farmer with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. South Med J. 2005;98(9):954-955.
Pulvirenti N, Dall’Oglio F, Greco AM, Oliveri S, Schwartz RA, Micali G. Superficial cutaneous Trichosporon asahii infection in an immunocompetent host. Int J Dermatol. 2006;45(12):1428-1431.
Kim SH, Kim DH, Joo SI, Yoo JI, Kim HB, Kim NJ, et al. Chronic cutaneous disseminated Trichosporon asahii infection in a nonimmunocompromised patient. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008;59(2 Suppl 1):S37-39.
Yun SJ, Lee JB, Shin MG, Kim SJ, Won YH, Lee SC. Cutaneous abscess by Trichosporon asahii developing on a steroid injection site in a healthy adult. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2006;31(4):545-547.
Shareef BT, Harun A, Roziawati Y, Bahari IS, Deris ZZ, Ravichandran M. Recurrent Trichosporon asahii glossitis: a case report. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2008;9(3):114-120.
Moreno-Coutino G, Aquino MA, Vega-Memije M, Arenas R. Necrotic ulcer caused by Trichosporon asahii in an immunocompetent adolescent. Mycoses. 2011;55(1):93-94.
Nakajima M, Sugita T, Mikami Y. Granuloma associated with Trichosporon asahii infection in the lung: Unusual pathological findings and PCR detection of Trichosporon DNA. Med Mycol. 2007;45(7):641-644.
Basiri K, Meidani M, Rezaie F, Soheilnader S, Fatehi F. A rare case of Trichosporon brain abscess, successfully treated with surgical excision and antifungal agents. Neurol Neurochir Pol. 2012;46(1):92-95.
Chagas-Neto TC, Chaves GM, Melo AS, Colombo AL. Bloodstream infections due to Trichosporon spp.: species distribution, Trichosporon asahii genotypes determined on the basis of ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer 1 sequencing, and antifungal susceptibility testing. J Clin Microbiol.
;47(4):1074-1081.
Fournier S, Pavageau W, Feuillhade M, Deplus S, Zagdanski AM, Verola O, et al. Use of voriconazole to successfully treat disseminated Trichosporon asahii infection in a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2002;21(12):892-896.
Rieger C, Geiger S, Herold T, Nickenig C, Ostermann H. Breakthrough infection of Trichosporon asahii during posaconazole treatment in a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2007;26(11):843-845.
Ghiasian SA, Maghsood AH, Mirhendi SH. Disseminated, fatal Trichosporon asahii infection in a bone marrow transplant recipient. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2006;39(5):426-429.
Gross JW, Kan VL. Trichosporon asahii infection in an advanced AIDS patient and literature review. AIDS. 2008;22(6):793-795.
Jian DY, Yang WC, Chen TW, Lin CC. Trichosporon asahii following polymicrobial infection in peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis. Perit Dial Int. 2008;28(1):100-1001.
Kim KW, Ha KY, Kim MS, Choi SM, Lee JS. Postoperative Trichosporon asahii spondylodiscitis after open lumbar discectomy: a case report. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2008;33(4):E116-120.
Tellez-Castillo CJ, Gil-Fortuno M, Centelles-Sales I, Sabater-Vidal S, Pardo Serrano F. [Trichosporon asahii fatal infection in a preterm newborn]. Rev Chilena Infectol. 2008 Jun;25(3):213-215.
Sugita T, Nishikawa A, Ichikawa T, Ikeda R, Shinoda T. Isolation of Trichosporon asahii from environmental materials. Med Mycol. 2000;38(1):27-30.
Rodrigues Gda S, de Faria RR, Guazzelli LS, Oliveira Fde M, Severo LC. [Nosocomial infection due to Trichosporon asahii: clinical revision of 22 cases]. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2006;23(2):85-89.
Rodriguez-Tudela JL, Gomez-Lopez A, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Mellado E, Bernal-Martinez L, Cuenca-Estrella M. Genotype distribution of clinical isolates of Trichosporon asahii based on sequencing of intergenic spacer 1. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2007;58(4):435-440.
Sugita T, Ichikawa T, Matsukura M, Sueda M, Takashima M, Ikeda R, et al. Genetic diversity and biochemical characteristics of Trichosporon asahii isolated from clinical specimens, houses of patients with summer-type-hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and environmental materials. J Clin Microbiol. 2001;39(7):2405-2411.
Walsh TJ, Lee JW, Melcher GP, Navarro E, Bacher J, Callender D, et al. Experimental Trichosporon infection in persistently granulocytopenic rabbits: implications for pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of an emerging opportunistic mycosis. J Infect Dis. 1992l;166(1):121-133.
Matsunaga Y, Usui Y, Yoshizawa Y. TA-19, a novel protein antigen of Trichosporon asahii, in summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;167(7):991-998.
Fonseca FL, Frases S, Casadevall A, Fischman-Gompertz O, Nimrichter L, Rodrigues ML. Structural and functional properties of the Trichosporon asahii glucuronoxylomannan. Fungal Genet Biol. 2009;46(6-7):496-505.
Yang RY, Wang WL, Ao JH, Hao ZF, Zhang J, Wang CM. Pathogenicity of Trichosporon asahii in a murine model of disseminated trichosporonosis. Chin Med J (Engl). 2008;121(24):2557-2560.
Sasaki E, Tashiro T, Kuroki M, Seki M, Miyazaki Y, Maesaki S, et al. Effects of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) on anti-fungal activity of mononuclear phagocytes against Trichosporon asahii. Clin Exp Immunol. 2000;119(2):293-298.
Yamagata E, Kamberi P, Yamakami Y, Hashimoto A, Nasu M. Experimental model of progressive disseminated trichosporonosis in mice with latent trichosporonemia. J Clin Microbiol. 2000;38(9):3260-3266.
Ichikawa T, Nishikawa A, Ikeda R, Shinoda T. Structural studies of a cell wall polysaccharide of Trichosporon asahii containing antigen II. Eur J Biochem. 2001;268(19):5098-5106.
Dag A, Cerikcioglu N. [Investigation of some virulence factors of Trichosporon asahii strains isolated from the clinical samples of hospitalized patients]. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2006;40(3):225-235.
Ichikawa T, Sugita T, Wang L, Yokoyama K, Nishimura K, Nishikawa A. Phenotypic switching and beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase activity of the pathogenic yeast Trichosporon asahii. Microbiol Immunol. 2004;48(4):237-242.
Colombo AL, Padovan AC, Chaves GM. Current knowledge of Trichosporon spp. and Trichosporonosis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2011;24(4):682-700.
Sung-Han K, Dong-Hyun K, Sei-Lck Joo J,Jar-II Y, Hong-Bin, etal. Chronic cutaneous disseminated Trichosporon asahii infection in anonimmunocompromised patient. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008;59(2):s37-s8.
Pulpillo Ruiz A SC-MJ, del Canto González S, Navarrete Ortega M, Pérez de Soto I. Infección sistémica por Trichosporon asahii. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2001;92:354-357.
Wang WL, Yang RY, Ao JH. Uncommon characteristics of the structure and development of Trichosporon asahii. Chin Med J (Engl). 2009;122(15):1806-1810.
Biasoli MS, Carlson D, Chiganer GJ, Parodi R, Greca A, Tosello ME, et al. Systemic infection caused by Trichosporon asahii in a patient with liver transplant. Med Mycol. 2008;46(7):719-723.
Liao Y, Hartmann T, Ao JH, Yang RY. Serum glucuronoxylomannan may be more appropriate for the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of Trichosporon fungemia than serum beta-d-glucan. Int J Infect Dis. 2012;16(8):e638.
Ruan SY, Chien JY, Hsueh PR. Invasive trichosporonosis caused by Trichosporon asahii and other
unusual Trichosporon species at a medical center in Taiwan. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;49(1):e11-17.
Xia Z, Yang R, Wang W, Cong L. Genotyping and antifungal drug susceptibility of Trichosporon asahii isolated from Chinese patients. Mycopathologia. 2011;173(2-3):127-133.
