¿Innovación interna o externa? un dilema organizacional
¿Internal or external innovation? An organizational dilemma
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Este artículo tiene como objetivo analziar el debate académico que existe respecto a los procesos de innovación interna y externa, y sus implicaciones de complementariedad o de sustituibilidad. En este sentido, las empresas deben analizar si deben mantener un enfoque de innovación cerrado por el efecto de sustituibilidad o un enfoque abierto por el efecto de complementariedad. Para esto, se analizan diferentes estudios empíricos que aportan a cada una estas posturas académicas, así como la fundamentación teórica que respalda dichas posturas. Como reflexión final, se encuentra que en un contexto de globalización las empresas no pueden aislarse del entorno y de su cada vez más rápido desarrollo tecnológico. Adicionalmente, la relación de complementariedad o sustituibilidad entre la innovación interna y externa va a depender del tipo de organización, así como de sus recursos y capacidades para integrar el conocimiento externo con sus procesos internos organizacionales.
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